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The Many Potential Causes Of Bee Colony Collapse Syndrome
Beekeepers have always suffered losses of their domesticated bees but in the olden times those losses were slow-going and the beekeeper was always able to discover the cause, usually a bacteria, mite or some other microbe and take correct action. Not so with colony collapse disorder, (sometimes called colony collapse syndrome or colony collapse disease). With colony collapse disease more honey bees are dying off faster with no unmistakable reason and because only the queen and a few workers are left alive the colony dies.
The disappearing is still a mystery. As yet there has been no firm substantiation to point to any one cause for their passing away. This has led to the conjecture that there is more than one cause to colony collapse disorder (CCD). Probable causes are:
Genetically modified crops
An investigation carried out by a beekeeper, John McDonald, seems to suggest that genetically modified crops could be the cause of colony collapse disease. He placed eight honey bee colonies in a place where the domesticated bees would have no proximity with genetically modified crops and an equivalent number of domesticated bee hives on farms that grew GMO's. At the end of the season in October the results of the honey collecting of both sets of bees was examined. The results between the two sets of honey bee colonies were very unlike.
The eight non-GMO honey bee colonies produced 150 pounds of honey, per bee hive, in the over-wintering brood supers. Plus, between them, the 8 colonies produced 200 pounds of extra honey. The farm bees, on the other hand, had produced no extra honey and had not even filled the over-wintering brood supers. These farm honey bees will require feeding in order to get by the winter.
Pesticides
The pesticide believed to be the main culprit in causing colony collapse syndrome is nicotine-based Clothianidin, an insecticide in the neonicotinoid family. In Germany investigators found that 99 percent of demised bees had high levels of Clothianidin in their bodies. As a result the 7 pesticides in the neonicotinoid family have been provisionally vetoed.
In the US imidacloprid seems to be the pesticide causing the most colony collapse disease. For example in North Dakota one third of colonies died after imidacloprid was in use on rapeseed.
Mobile phones
Is the electromagnetic radiation given off by cell phones interfering with the honey bee's orientation system thus preventing the honey bees from sorting out their way back to the hive. Some investigation carried out by Dr Jochen Kuhn shows that honey bees do not like going back to their hives when a mobile phone is deployed near the bee hive. If bees are trying to keep away from mobile phone radiation then this could clear up why they are getting lost and incapable of finding their way home.
Sustenance
Bees normally use natural material like pollen, sap, nectar, or other botanical materials, for restructuring into honey. When beekeepers remove this honey, which the bees would normally eat up over winter, and replace it with High Fructose Corn Syrup a natural raw foodstuff is being replaced with a highly processed dead sustenance. High Fructose Corn Syrup is lacking in the many minerals and vitamins found in honey so the honeybees are forced to eat inferior sustenance which results in their impoverished health and tired immune systems.
So what is the cause of bee colony collapse disorder. Probably a combination of all of the above though GMOs, and the neonicotinoid pesticides, seem to be the main factors which has caused the dramatic increase in bees disappearing.
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